The growth and thermal stability of Au clusters on a partially-reduced rutile TiO2 （110）-1 × 1 surface were investigated by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron- radiation-light. The valence-band photoelectron spectroscopy results demonstrate that the Ti^3＋3d feature attenuates quickly with the initial deposition of Au clusters, implying that Au clusters nucleate at the oxygen vacancy sites. The Au4f core-level photoelectron spectroscopy results directly prove the existence of charge transfer from oxygen vacancies to Au clusters. The thermal stability of Au clusters on the partially-reduced and stoichiometric TiO2（110） surfaces was also comparatively investigated by the annealing experiments. With the same film thickness, Au clusters are more thermally stable on the partially-reduced TiO2（110） surface than on the stoichiometric TiO2（110） surface. Meanwhile, large Au nanoparticles are more thermally stable than fine Au nanoparticles.
We report our investigation of the interaction of NO2 with the Au(997)vicinal surface by high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation as the excitation source.At 170 K,both core-level and valence-band photoemission results illustrate the decomposition of NO2 on the Au(997)surface at low NO2 exposures,forming coadsorbed NO(a)and O(a)species.After annealing at 300 K,NO(a)desorbs from Au(997)whereas O(a)remains on the surface.Upon annealing at 750 K,we observe no signal for adsorbed oxygen on Au(997).These results clearly demonstrate that thermal decomposition of NO2 is an effective method to generate oxygen adatoms on Au(997)under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions.
